"why are there 4 classes"
That's unclear from the defining RFC2597. My guess would be it was a good fit into the DSCP RFC2474 with minimum conflict to the earlier IP Precedence.
"which gives the lowest drop precedence"
AFx1, per RFC2597
"why not have 1 class with more drop precendences"
My guess would be to best conform with prior IP Precedence and especially with DSCP, RFC2474.