The phone cable that connect the FXS interface card to the telephone must have 2 wire. 4 wire cables are problematic.
Have you configured SIP or H.323 dial-peer?
Configure "gw-accounting syslog" on your router and use "terminal monitor" command to see the disconnection cause on a console.
May 2 14:10:16: %VOIPAAA-5-VOIP_CALL_HISTORY: CallLegType 1, ConnectionId 6AF6A77D 551A11DF 8D5E000E D7B96E74, SetupTime 14:09:39.652 METDST Sun May 2 2010, PeerAddress 3392864698, PeerSubAddress , DisconnectCause 1F , DisconnectText normal, unspecified (31), ConnectTime 14:10:07.652 METDST Sun May 2 2010, DisconnectTime 14:10:16.576 METDST Sun May 2 2010, CallOrigin 2, ChargedUnits 0, InfoType 2, TransmitPackets 442, TransmitBytes 70564, ReceivePackets 444, ReceiveBytes 70572
You can debug your call: debug ccsip messages or debug voip ccapi inout (very verbous but more complex).
What is the configuration of incoming dial-peer?
What is the codec configured?
This is my example:
voice-port 2/1
input gain -5
output attenuation 0
no non-linear
no vad
playout-delay nominal 100
playout-delay mode fixed
cptone IT
description *****
dial-peer voice 15 pots
description ******
huntstop
destination-pattern 203
port 2/1
dial-peer voice 1 voip
description INCOMING_DIAL_PEER_INCOMING_CALLS
incoming called-number .
modem passthrough nse codec g711alaw
voice-class codec 10
fax protocol pass-through g711alaw
no vad