Similarities between WS-X6148-GE-45AF and WS-X6148A-GE-45AF used commonly in 6500 chassis are many i.e. both of these modules have 48-Port 10/100/1000 RJ-45 Classic Interfaces and 1:8 port mapping to Pinnacle Asic. However below are very remarkable differences.
WS-X6148-GE-45AF: Has shared buffer fo 1 Mb per 8 ports and can support a max mtu of 1518 only
WS-X6148A-GE-45AF: Has per port buffer of 2.67 Mb and can support a max mtu of 9216. Hence this module can handle more bursty traffic etc.
Ref:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/switches/ps5718/ps708/product_data_sheet0900aecd8017376e.html