01-11-2007 04:19 AM - edited 03-03-2019 03:20 PM
Hi,
My lab is configured like this.
R1(s1)----(s1)R2(s2)-----(s2)R3
R1 and R2 are connected via serial1 interfaces and R2 and R3 are connected via serial2 interfaces.
I am confused with 'ip default-network' command. I read a few notes about it and what they explain and what I see when I test it in a lab; has got some differences.
Almost all the notes that I read say;
If I give 'ip default-network 1.1.1.0' command in R2 (because I can reach 1.1.1.0/24 network from R2) I should see a gateway of last resort in R3.
But the reality is a little different from this.
What actually happens is, this doesn't happen when I have given 'no auto-summary' command given in R1 and R2. But if I again say, 'auto-summary' in R1 and R2, then in R3 I see the gateway of last resort set to R2.
My second doubt is, when I give the command 'show ip protocol' in R1 and R2, I see something called, "(this router)" under Gateway. The outputs of show run, show ip route, show ip protocol commands are posted below.
Can someone please clarify this to me?
Thanks in advance!
R1#sh run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1115 bytes
!
version 12.1
no service single-slot-reload-enable
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
!
!
!
!
!
!
ip subnet-zero
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0
description First ethernet interface connects to wg_sw_a
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Serial0
description First serial interface is configured as a DTE interface
bandwidth 64
no ip address
shutdown
no fair-queue
!
interface Serial1
bandwidth 64
ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
!
router eigrp 100
network 1.0.0.0
network 10.0.0.0
auto-summary
no eigrp log-neighbor-changes
!
ip classless
ip default-network 1.0.0.0
ip http server
!
end
R1#sh ip route
Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 1.0.0.0
* 1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D* 1.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 01:09:23, Null0
C 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
D 2.0.0.0/8 [90/40640000] via 10.10.10.2, 01:09:04, Serial1
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 3.3.3.0 [90/41152000] via 10.10.10.2, 01:09:03, Serial1
D 20.0.0.0/8 [90/41024000] via 10.10.10.2, 01:09:04, Serial1
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D 10.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 01:09:24, Null0
C 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1
R1#sh ip protocol
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 100"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing: eigrp 100
Automatic network summarization is in effect
Automatic address summarization:
10.0.0.0/8 for Loopback0
Summarizing with metric 40512000
1.0.0.0/8 for Serial1
Summarizing with metric 128256
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
1.0.0.0
10.0.0.0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
(this router) 90 01:10:04
10.10.10.2 90 01:09:44
Distance: internal 90 external 170
01-11-2007 04:22 AM
R2#sh run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1146 bytes
!
version 12.1
no service single-slot-reload-enable
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
!
!
!
!
!
ip subnet-zero
no ip domain-lookup
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface Serial1
bandwidth 64
ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.0
clockrate 64000
!
interface Serial2
bandwidth 64
ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0
!
router eigrp 100
network 2.0.0.0
network 10.0.0.0
network 20.0.0.0
auto-summary
no eigrp log-neighbor-changes
!
ip classless
ip http server
!
end
R2#sh ip route
Gateway of last resort is 10.10.10.1 to network 1.0.0.0
D* 1.0.0.0/8 [90/40640000] via 10.10.10.1, 01:11:53, Serial1
2.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D 2.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 01:11:58, Null0
C 2.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 3.3.3.0 [90/40640000] via 20.20.20.2, 01:11:50, Serial2
20.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D 20.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 01:11:58, Null0
C 20.20.20.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D 10.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 01:11:59, Null0
C 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1
R2#sh ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 100"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing: eigrp 100
Automatic network summarization is in effect
Automatic address summarization:
20.0.0.0/8 for Loopback0, Serial1
Summarizing with metric 40512000
10.0.0.0/8 for Loopback0, Serial2
Summarizing with metric 40512000
2.0.0.0/8 for Serial1, Serial2
Summarizing with metric 128256
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
2.0.0.0
10.0.0.0
20.0.0.0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
(this router) 90 01:12:35
10.10.10.1 90 01:12:26
20.20.20.2 90 01:12:25
Distance: internal 90 external 170
01-11-2007 04:23 AM
R3#sh run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1125 bytes
!
version 12.1
no service single-slot-reload-enable
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R3
!
!
!
!
!
!
ip subnet-zero
no ip domain-lookup
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial2
bandwidth 64
ip address 20.20.20.2 255.255.255.0
clockrate 64000
!
router eigrp 100
network 3.0.0.0
network 20.0.0.0
no auto-summary
no eigrp log-neighbor-changes
!
ip classless
ip http server
!
end
R3#sh ip route
Gateway of last resort is 20.20.20.1 to network 1.0.0.0
D* 1.0.0.0/8 [90/41152000] via 20.20.20.1, 01:13:47, Serial2
D 2.0.0.0/8 [90/40640000] via 20.20.20.1, 01:13:47, Serial2
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 20.20.20.0 is directly connected, Serial2
D 10.0.0.0/8 [90/41024000] via 20.20.20.1, 01:13:47, Serial2
R3#sh ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 100"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing: eigrp 100
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
3.0.0.0
20.0.0.0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
20.20.20.1 90 01:14:33
Distance: internal 90 external 170
06-22-2010 06:45 PM
Aloha Omal,
I am not sure where the confusion is coming from. But if you look at all three routers you see the default summary route for network 1.0.0.0/8 under the "sh ip route" command. Also, you see the gateway of last resort has now been set.
R1#sh run
Building configuration...
router eigrp 100
network 1.0.0.0
network 10.0.0.0
auto-summary
no eigrp log-neighbor-changes
!
ip classless
ip default-network 1.0.0.0
ip http server
!
R1#sh ip route
Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 1.0.0.0
* 1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D* 1.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 01:09:23, Null0
+++++
R2#sh run
Building configuration...
R2#sh ip route
Gateway of last resort is 10.10.10.1 to network 1.0.0.0
D* 1.0.0.0/8 [90/40640000] via 10.10.10.1, 01:11:53, Serial1
+++++
R3#sh run
Building configuration...
R3#sh ip route
Gateway of last resort is 20.20.20.1 to network 1.0.0.0
D* 1.0.0.0/8 [90/41152000] via 20.20.20.1, 01:13:47, Serial2
+++++
Here are few words from a Cisco "pdf" regarding the "ip default-network" command. Maybe this will help as well.
ip default-network
Unlike the ip default-gateway command, you can use ip default-network when ip routing is enabled on the Cisco router. When you configure ip default-network the router considers routes to that network for installation as the gateway of last resort on the router. For every network configured with ip default-network, if a router has a route to that network, that route is flagged as a candidate default route.
HTH
06-22-2010 10:07 PM
Hello Omal,
>> What actually happens is, this doesn't happen when I have given 'no auto-summary' command given in R1 and R2. But if I again say, 'auto-summary' in R1 and R2, then in R3 I see the gateway of last resort set to R2.
the ip default-network command requires to use a major network (Class A, B,C) and works by setting a flag in the internal route data structure that tells that this IP network can be used to send packets without a route for their destination.
For this reason you need to use the network command under router eigrp in R1 (you have ip default-network on R1).
From this derives an interaction with auto-summary settings:
because your loopback emulating the default network has actually a subnet of the major network 1.0.0.0/8 when auto-summary is disabled major network 1.0.0.0/8 is not advertised to EIGRP neighbors, and you don't see the gateway of last resort set on R2 and R3.
By enabling auto-summary the net 1.0.0.0/8 is advertised to R2 and the ip default network command becomes effective.
if you had used ip default network 192.168.3.0 and you had configured ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 (mask = major network class this is a Class C) you should be able to see ip default network in action even with auto-summary disabled (no auto-summary).
2) (this router) from the point of view of EIGRP process the default network is outside the EIGRP domain and this just means that: at least one route is placed in EIGRP routing domain in local node and it is the default network.
Hope to help
Giuseppe
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